Sequence of the Greek Text of Mt 26:57-75, Mk 14:53-72, Lk 22:54-62, and Jn 18:13-27
Version Date: August 8, 2019.
(Mt 26:57) οι δε κρατησαντες τον ιησουν ...
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(Lk 22:54) συλλαβοντες δε αυτον ...
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| (Mk 14:53) και απηγαγον τον ιησουν ...
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(Mt 26:57) ... τον αρχιερεα ...
| (Mk 14:53) ... τον αρχιερεα ...
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(Mt 26:57) ... οπου οι γραμματεις και οι πρεσβυτεροι συνηχθησαν | |||
(Lk 22:54) ... και εισηγαγον αυτον εις τον οικον του αρχιερεως ...
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(Mk 14:53) ... και συνερχονται αυτω παντες οι αρχιερεις και οι πρεσβυτεροι και οι γραμματεις | |||
(Jn 18:13)1 και απηγαγον αυτον προς ανναν πρωτον ην γαρ πενθερος του καιαφα ος ην αρχιερευς του ενιαυτου εκεινου | |||
(Jn 18:14) ην δε καιαφας ο συμβουλευσας τοις ιουδαιοις οτι συμφερει ενα ανθρωπον απολεσθαι υπερ του λαου | |||
(Mt 26:58) ο δε πετρος ηκολουθει αυτω απο μακροθεν ...
| (Mk 14:54) και ο πετρος απο μακροθεν ηκολουθησεν αυτω ...
| (Jn 18:15) ηκολουθει δε τω ιησου σιμων πετρος ...
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(Jn 18:15) ... και ο αλλος μαθητης ο δε μαθητης εκεινος ην γνωστος τω αρχιερει και συνεισηλθεν τω ιησου εις την αυλην του αρχιερεως | |||
(Jn 18:16) ο δε πετρος ειστηκει προς τη θυρα εξω εξηλθεν ουν ο μαθητης ο αλλος ος ην γνωστος τω αρχιερει και ειπεν τη θυρωρω και εισηγαγεν τον πετρον | |||
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(Mt 26:58)2 ... της αυλης του αρχιερεως ...
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(Jn 18:17) λεγει ουν η παιδισκη η θυρωρος τω πετρω μη και συ εκ των μαθητων ει του ανθρωπου τουτου λεγει εκεινος ουκ ειμι | |||
(Mt 26:58) ... και εισελθων ...
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| (Mk 14:54)3 ... εσω ...
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(Mk 14:54) ... εις την αυλην του αρχιερεως ...
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(Lk 22:55) αψαντων δε πυρ εν μεσω της αυλης ...
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(Jn 18:18) ειστηκεισαν δε οι δουλοι και οι υπηρεται ανθρακιαν πεποιηκοτες οτι ψυχος ην και εθερμαινοντο ην δε μετ αυτων ο πετρος εστως και θερμαινομενος | |||
(Jn 18:19) ο ουν αρχιερευς ηρωτησεν τον ιησουν περι των μαθητων αυτου και περι της διδαχης αυτου | |||
(Jn 18:20) απεκριθη αυτω ο ιησους εγω παρρησια ελαλησα τω κοσμω εγω παντοτε εδιδαξα εν τη συναγωγη και εν τω ιερω οπου παντοτε οι ιουδαιοι συνερχονται και εν κρυπτω ελαλησα ουδεν | |||
(Jn 18:21) τι με επερωτας επερωτησον τους ακηκοοτας τι ελαλησα αυτοις ιδε ουτοι οιδασιν α ειπον εγω | |||
(Jn 18:22) ταυτα δε αυτου ειποντος εις των υπηρετων παρεστηκως εδωκεν ραπισμα τω ιησου ειπων ουτως αποκρινη τω αρχιερει | |||
(Jn 18:23) απεκριθη αυτω ο ιησους ει κακως ελαλησα μαρτυρησον περι του κακου ει δε καλως τι με δερεις | |||
(Jn 18:24) απεστειλεν αυτον ο αννας δεδεμενον προς καιαφαν τον αρχιερεα | |||
(Lk 22:55)4 ... και συγκαθισαντων αυτων ...
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(Mt 26:58) ... μετα των υπηρετων ...
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(Mk 14:54) ... και ην συγκαθημενος μετα των υπηρετων και θερμαινομενος προς το φως | |||
(Mt 26:59) οι δε αρχιερεις ...
| (Mk 14:55) οι δε αρχιερεις ...
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(Mt 26:59) ... και οι πρεσβυτεροι ...
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(Mt 26:59) ... και το συνεδριον ολον εζητουν ...
| (Mk 14:55) ... και ολον το συνεδριον εζητουν ...
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(Mk 14:55) ... κατα του ιησου μαρτυριαν ...
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(Mt 26:59) ... ψευδομαρτυριαν κατα του ιησου ...
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(Mk 14:55) ... εις το θανατωσαι αυτον ...
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(Mt 26:60) ... και πολλων ψευδομαρτυρων προσελθοντων ουχ ευρον | |||
(Mk 14:56) πολλοι γαρ εψευδομαρτυρουν κατ αυτου και ισαι αι μαρτυριαι ουκ ησαν | |||
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(Mk 14:57) και τινες ανασταντες ...
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(Mt 26:61) ... προσελθοντες δυο ψευδομαρτυρες ...
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(Mk 14:57) ... εψευδομαρτυρουν κατ αυτου ...
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(Mt 26:61) ... ειπον ουτος εφη δυναμαι καταλυσαι τον ναον του θεου και δια τριων ημερων οικοδομησαι αυτον | |||
(Mk 14:58) οτι ημεις ηκουσαμεν αυτου λεγοντος οτι εγω καταλυσω τον ναον τουτον τον χειροποιητον και δια τριων ημερων αλλον αχειροποιητον οικοδομησω | |||
(Mt 26:62) και αναστας ο αρχιερευς ...
| (Mk 14:60) και αναστας ο αρχιερευς ...
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(Mk 14:60) ... εις το μεσον ...
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| (Mk 14:60) ... επηρωτησεν τον ιησουν λεγων ...
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(Mk 14:60) ... ουκ αποκρινη ουδεν τι ουτοι σου καταμαρτυρουσιν | |||
(Mt 26:63) ο δε ιησους εσιωπα ...
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(Mk 14:61) ... και ουδεν απεκρινατο παλιν ο αρχιερευς επηρωτα αυτον και λεγει αυτω συ ει ο χριστος ο υιος του ευλογητου | |||
(Mt 26:63)5 ... και αποκριθεις ο αρχιερευς ειπεν αυτω εξορκιζω σε κατα του θεου του ζωντος ινα ημιν ειπης ει συ ει ο χριστος ο υιος του θεου | |||
(Mt 26:64) λεγει αυτω ο ιησους ...
| (Mk 14:62) ο δε ιησους ειπεν ...
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(Mt 26:64)6 ... συ ειπας ...
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(Mk 14:62)6 ... εγω ειμι και ...
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(Mt 26:64) ... πλην λεγω υμιν απ αρτι ...
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(Mt 26:64)7 ... οψεσθε τον υιον του ανθρωπου καθημενον εκ δεξιων της δυναμεως και ερχομενον επι των νεφελων του ουρανου | (Mk 14:62)7 ... οψεσθε τον υιον του ανθρωπου καθημενον εκ δεξιων της δυναμεως και ερχομενον μετα των νεφελων του ουρανου | ||
(Mt 26:65) τοτε ο αρχιερευς διερρηξεν τα ιματια αυτου λεγων οτι εβλασφημησεν ...
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(Mk 14:63) ο δε αρχιερευς διαρρηξας τους χιτωνας αυτου λεγει ...
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(Mt 26:65) ... τι ετι χρειαν εχομεν μαρτυρων ...
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(Mt 26:65) ... ηκουσατε την βλασφημιαν ...
| (Mk 14:64) ηκουσατε της βλασφημιας ...
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| (Mk 14:64) ... τι υμιν φαινεται ...
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(Mk 14:64) ... οι δε παντες κατεκριναν αυτον ειναι ενοχον θανατου | |||
(Mt 26:66) ... οι δε αποκριθεντες ειπον ενοχος θανατου εστιν | |||
(Mk 14:65) και ηρξαντο τινες εμπτυειν αυτω και περικαλυπτειν το προσωπον αυτου και κολαφιζειν αυτον και λεγειν αυτω προφητευσον ...
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(Mt 26:67) τοτε ενεπτυσαν εις το προσωπον αυτου και εκολαφισαν αυτον οι δε ερραπισαν | |||
(Mt 26:68) λεγοντες προφητευσον ημιν χριστε τις εστιν ο παισας σε | |||
(Mt 26:69) ο δε πετρος εξω εκαθητο εν τη αυλη ...
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(Mk 14:66) ... οντος του πετρου εν τη αυλη κατω ...
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(Mt 26:69) ... προσηλθεν αυτω μια παιδισκη ...
| (Mk 14:66) ... ερχεται μια των παιδισκων ...
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(Mk 14:67) και ιδουσα τον πετρον ...
| (Lk 22:56) ιδουσα δε αυτον παιδισκη τις ...
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(Lk 22:56) ... καθημενον προς το φως και ...
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(Mk 14:67) ... θερμαινομενον ...
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(Mk 14:67) ... εμβλεψασα αυτω ...
| (Lk 22:56) ... ατενισασα αυτω ...
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(Mt 26:69)8 ... λεγουσα και συ ησθα μετα ιησου του γαλιλαιου | |||
(Mt 26:70) ο δε ηρνησατο εμπροσθεν παντων λεγων ουκ οιδα τι λεγεις | |||
(Mk 14:67)8 ... λεγει και συ μετα του ναζαρηνου ιησου ησθα | |||
(Mk 14:68) ο δε ηρνησατο λεγων ουκ οιδα ουδε επισταμαι τι συ λεγεις ...
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(Jn 18:25)9 ην δε σιμων πετρος εστως και θερμαινομενος ...
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(Lk 22:58) ... ετερος ιδων αυτον ...
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(Lk 22:58)10 ... εφη ...
| (Jn 18:25)10 ... ειπον ουν αυτω ...
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(Lk 22:58) ... και συ εξ αυτων ει ...
| (Jn 18:25) ... και συ εκ των μαθητων αυτου ει ...
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(Lk 22:58) ... ο δε πετρος ...
| (Jn 18:25) ... εκεινος και ...
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(Jn 18:26) λεγει εις εκ των δουλων του αρχιερεως συγγενης ων ου απεκοψεν πετρος το ωτιον ουκ εγω σε ειδον εν τω κηπω μετ αυτου | |||
(Jn 18:27) παλιν ουν ηρνησατο ο πετρος ...
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(Mk 14:68) ... και εξηλθεν εξω εις το προαυλιον ...
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(Lk 22:59) και διαστασης ωσει ωρας μιας ...
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(Mk 14:69)11 και η παιδισκη ιδουσα αυτον παλιν ηρξατο λεγειν τοις παρεστηκοσιν οτι ουτος εξ αυτων εστιν | |||
(Mk 14:70) ο δε παλιν ηρνειτο ...
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(Mt 26:71)11 εξελθοντα δε αυτον εις τον πυλωνα ειδεν αυτον αλλη και λεγει τοις εκει και ουτος ην μετα ιησου του ναζωραιου | |||
(Mt 26:72) και παλιν ηρνησατο μεθ ορκου οτι ουκ οιδα τον ανθρωπον | |||
(Mt 26:73)12 μετα μικρον δε ...
| (Mk 14:70)12 ... και μετα μικρον ...
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(Mt 26:73) ... προσελθοντες οι εστωτες ...
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(Lk 22:59) ... αλλος τις διισχυριζετο λεγων επ αληθειας και ουτος μετ αυτου ην και γαρ γαλιλαιος εστιν | |||
(Lk 22:60) ειπεν δε ο πετρος ανθρωπε ουκ οιδα ο λεγεις ...
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(Mk 14:70) ... παλιν οι παρεστωτες ...
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(Mt 26:73) ... ειπον τω πετρω αληθως ...
| (Mk 14:70) ... ελεγον τω πετρω αληθως ...
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(Mt 26:73) ... εξ αυτων ει και γαρ ...
| (Mk 14:70) ... εξ αυτων ει και γαρ ...
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(Mk 14:70) ... γαλιλαιος ει και ...
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(Mt 26:74) ... ηρξατο καταναθεματιζειν και ομνυειν οτι ουκ οιδα τον ανθρωπον ...
| (Mk 14:71) ο δε ηρξατο αναθεματιζειν και ομνυειν οτι ουκ οιδα τον ανθρωπον ...
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(Lk 22:60)13 ... ετι λαλουντος αυτου ...
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(Mk 14:72) ... εκ δευτερου ...
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(Mk 14:72) ... αλεκτωρ εφωνησεν ...
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(Lk 22:61) και στραφεις ο κυριος ενεβλεψεν τω πετρω ...
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(Mt 26:75) και εμνησθη ο πετρος του ρηματος του ιησου ειρηκοτος αυτω οτι ...
| (Mk 14:72) ... και ανεμνησθη ο πετρος του ρηματος ου ειπεν αυτω ο ιησους οτι ...
| (Lk 22:61) ... και υπεμνησθη ο πετρος του λογου του κυριου ως ειπεν αυτω οτι ...
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(Mt 26:75)14 ... πριν αλεκτορα φωνησαι ...
| (Mk 14:72)14 ... πριν αλεκτορα φωνησαι ...
| (Lk 22:61)14 ... πριν αλεκτορα φωνησαι ...
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(Mt 26:75) ... τρις απαρνηση με ...
| (Mk 14:72) ... απαρνηση με τρις ...
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(Mt 26:75) ... και εξελθων εξω ...
| (Lk 22:62) και εξελθων εξω ...
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(Mk 14:72) ... και επιβαλων ...
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Notes:
(1) The palace of Caiaphas is understood here as consisting of a large building or a complex of buildings that shared a common court. When Jesus was brought to the palace, he was led first to the place where Annas was (Jn 18:13). Later, he was taken to Caiaphas (Jn 18:24). This does not mean that Caiaphas was not present when Jesus was questioned before Annas (Jn 18:19-24), for the questions appear to be from him, since he was the high priest. Rather, the phrase προς καιαφαν in Jn 18:24 is understood to denote the place where Caiaphas intended to question Jesus before the Sanhedrin. Now the phrases προς καιαφαν τον αρχιερεα and προς τον αρχιερεα in Mt 26:57 and Mk 14:53 are interpreted as stating that Jesus was led to the palace of the high priest. We arrive to this interpretation by assuming that the events are recorded in chronological order. Indeed, if we would interpret instead these two phrases to refer to the place where Jesus was to appear before the Sanhedrin, then Mt 26:57 and Mk 14:53 would be after Jn 18:13-14, since Jesus was led first to Annas (Jn 18:13). However, since Mt 26:57 and Jn 18:13-14 precede the account about Peter entering the courtyard, and since Jesus was still before Annas in Jn 18:19-23, the conclusion would be that Jesus was sent to Caiaphas between Jn 18:14 and Jn 18:15, and then back to Annas before Jn 18:19. Such a conclusion would seem rather unlikely in the context of Jn 18:12-23. Therefore, it is assumed here that προς καιαφαν τον αρχιερεα and προς τον αρχιερεα in Mt 26:57 and Mk 14:53 refer to the palace of the high priest. It should be permissible to interpret προς καιαφαν in Jn 18:24 with one meaning, but προς καιαφαν τον αρχιερεα and προς τον αρχιερεα in Mt 26:57 and Mk 14:53 with another meaning, given that Jn 18:24 took place in the context of the palace, while Mt 26:57 and Mk 14:53 took place in a different context, away from the palace. [Back]
(2) The phrase εως της αυλης of Mt 26:58 is understood to indicate that Peter entered the court, that is, he did not remain in front of the court. For example, note the meaning of εως in εως βηθλεεμ (Lk 2:15) and εως αδου καταβιβασθηση (Lk 10:15). [Back]
(3) The words εσω in Mk 14:54 and εισελθων in Mt 26:58 appear to point out the fact that Peter was not at the edge of the court, but rather entered well inside of it. [Back]
(4) Lk 22:55 was placed after Jn 18:25 because Peter was standing at the time of Jn 18:25. It seems very likely that Jn 18:19-24 did not take much time. [Back]
(5) In Mt 26:63, αποκριθεις is understood to refer to the words of the high priest in Mk 14:61. [Back]
(6) It may be that the Lord said συ ειπας οτι εγω ειμι, with συ ειπας recorded in Mt 26:64 and εγω ειμι in Mk 14:62. Indeed, note υμεις λεγετε οτι εγω ειμι in Lk 22:70 and συ λεγεις οτι βασιλευς ειμι εγω.in Jn 18:37. [Back]
(7) It may be that επι "on" in Mt 26:64 corresponds to the preposition על "on", which in its context was also translated μετα "with" in Mk 14:62. The reason two different prepositions were used in Mt 26:64 and Mk 14:62 could be to provide more information on the meaning of the words of the Lord. It is interesting to note that the Peshitta has על in both verses. Dan 7:13, which is referenced in this passage, uses the preposition עם "with". [Back]
(8) It is possible, though unnecessary, to assume that Mt 26:69-70 and Mk 14:67-68 describe the same instance in which Peter denied the Lord. The interpretation here is that the predicted denials of Peter referred to occasions in which Peter denied the Lord, where each occasion had one or more instance in which Peter stated that he does not know him. In this interpretation, Mt 26:69-70, Mk 14:67-68, and Lk 22:56-57 are part of an occasion in which Peter stated at least three times that he does not know him. When the servant girl addressed once Peter and saw that he denies knowing him (Mt 26:69-70), she insisted (Mk 14:67), and when Peter denied it again (Mk 14:68), she addressed those who were there (Lk 22:56). [Back]
(9) By the time of Jn 18:25, Peter was standing again, probably intending to move further away from the fire, so as to avoid getting more attention. [Back]
(10) Comparing Lk 22:58 and Jn 18:25, the man of Lk 22:58 spoke for himself and for a number of persons with him that wondered whether Peter might be one of the disciples. The negation particle μη in Jn 18:25 indicates that they were inclined to believe he was not one of the disciples. Since the negation particle is absent from Lk 22:58, it may be that the man made a probing statement, to see what Peter would say. Another possibility is that this man was more confident than the others that Peter was a disciple of Jesus. Either way, it would appear that μη was added in translation, to indicate the attitude of those who were there. Moreover, των μαθητων αυτου appears in Jn 18:25 instead of αυτων in Lk 22:58 because the antecedent of αυτων would not be very obvious in the context of the account of John. [Back]
(11) Comparing Mk 14:69-70a and Mt 26-71-72, the former was assumed to have happened before the latter because Mt 26:72 mentions Peter taking an oath, while Mk 14:70a mentions only a denial. Consistent with this interpretation is that Peter was by the gate at the time of Mt 26:71, while earlier he was in the gateway (Mk 14:68). It may be that he moved from the gateway to the gate after the incident of Mk 14:69-70a. [Back]
(12) While the phrase μετα μικρον "after a little while" appears in both Mt 26:73 and Mk 14:70, it does not denote the same amount of time in both accounts. The interval of time in Mk 14:70 is longer, since it includes also the time from the denial of Mk 14:70 to the denial of Mt 26:72. [Back]
(13) The phrase ετι λαλουντος αυτου "while he was still speaking" in Lk 22:60 is understood to refer to what Peter was saying in Mt 26:74 and Mk 14:71. [Back]
(14) There are several different statements by which the Lord predicted the denials of Peter (Lk 22:34, Jn 13:38, Mt 26:34, Mk 14:30). When a rooster was heard the second time, Peter must have remembered everything that had been predicted about his denials, but especially what was said about the time when a rooster would crow again. Thus, it is likely that all of Mk 14:72, Mt 26:75, and Lk 22:61 are about the prediction that mentioned the second time a rooster would crow (Mk 14:30). A seemingly less likely interpretation is that Mk 14:72, Mt 26:75, and Lk 22:61 refer to different statements of the Lord that Peter recalled at that time. [Back]