Sequence of the Greek Text of Mt 26:1-29, Mk 14:1-25, Lk 22:1-23, and 1Co 11:23-25
Version Date: July 7, 2019.
(Mt 26:1) και εγενετο οτε ετελεσεν ο ιησους παντας τους λογους τουτους ειπεν τοις μαθηταις αυτου | |||
(Mt 26:2)1 οιδατε οτι μετα δυο ημερας το πασχα γινεται και ο υιος του ανθρωπου παραδιδοται εις το σταυρωθηναι | |||
(Mt 26:3) τοτε συνηχθησαν οι αρχιερεις και οι γραμματεις και οι πρεσβυτεροι του λαου εις την αυλην του αρχιερεως του λεγομενου καιαφα | |||
(Mt 26:4) και συνεβουλευσαντο ινα τον ιησουν κρατησωσιν δολω και αποκτεινωσιν | |||
(Mt 26:5)2 ελεγον δε μη εν τη εορτη ινα μη θορυβος γενηται εν τω λαω | |||
(Lk 22:1)1 ηγγιζεν δε η εορτη των αζυμων η λεγομενη πασχα | |||
(Mk 14:1)1 ην δε το πασχα και τα αζυμα μετα δυο ημερας ...
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(Mk 14:1) ... και εζητουν οι αρχιερεις και οι γραμματεις ...
| (Lk 22:2) και εζητουν οι αρχιερεις και οι γραμματεις ...
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(Lk 22:2) ... το πως ανελωσιν αυτον ...
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(Mk 14:2)2 ελεγον δε μη εν τη εορτη μηποτε θορυβος εσται του λαου | |||
(Mt 26:6) του δε ιησου γενομενου εν βηθανια εν οικια σιμωνος του λεπρου | (Mk 14:3) και οντος αυτου εν βηθανια εν τη οικια σιμωνος του λεπρου ...
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(Mk 14:3) ... κατακειμενου αυτου ...
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(Mt 26:7) ... γυνη αλαβαστρον μυρου εχουσα ...
| (Mk 14:3) ... γυνη εχουσα αλαβαστρον μυρου ...
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(Mk 14:3) ... ναρδου πιστικης ...
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(Mt 26:7) ... βαρυτιμου και ...
| (Mk 14:3) ... πολυτελους και ...
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(Mk 14:3) ... συντριψασα το αλαβαστρον ...
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(Mt 26:7) ... κατεχεεν επι την κεφαλην αυτου ...
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(Mt 26:8) ιδοντες δε οι μαθηται αυτου ηγανακτησαν ...
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(Mk 14:4) ησαν δε τινες αγανακτουντες προς εαυτους και ...
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(Mk 14:4) ... λεγοντες εις τι η απωλεια αυτη ...
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(Mt 26:9) ηδυνατο γαρ τουτο ...
| (Mk 14:5) ηδυνατο γαρ τουτο ...
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(Mk 14:5) ... επανω τριακοσιων δηναριων ...
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(Mt 26:10) ... δε ο ιησους ειπεν ...
| (Mk 14:6) ο δε ιησους ειπεν ...
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(Mt 26:10)3 ... τι κοπους παρεχετε τη γυναικι εργον γαρ καλον ειργασατο εις εμε | (Mk 14:6)3 ... τι αυτη κοπους παρεχετε καλον εργον ειργασατο εις εμε | ||
(Mt 26:11) παντοτε γαρ τους πτωχους εχετε μεθ εαυτων ...
| (Mk 14:7) παντοτε γαρ τους πτωχους εχετε μεθ εαυτων ...
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(Mk 14:7) ... και οταν θελητε δυνασθε αυτους ευ ποιησαι ...
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(Mk 14:8) ο ειχεν αυτη εποιησεν προελαβεν μυρισαι μου το σωμα εις τον ενταφιασμον | |||
(Mt 26:12) βαλουσα γαρ αυτη το μυρον τουτο επι του σωματος μου προς το ενταφιασαι με εποιησεν | |||
(Mt 26:13)4 αμην λεγω υμιν οπου εαν κηρυχθη το ευαγγελιον τουτο εν ολω τω κοσμω λαληθησεται και ο εποιησεν αυτη εις μνημοσυνον αυτης | |||
(Mk 14:9)4 αμην λεγω υμιν οπου αν κηρυχθη το ευαγγελιον τουτο εις ολον τον κοσμον και ο εποιησεν αυτη λαληθησεται εις μνημοσυνον αυτης | |||
(Lk 22:3)5 εισηλθεν δε ο σατανας εις ιουδαν τον επικαλουμενον ισκαριωτην οντα εκ του αριθμου των δωδεκα | |||
(Mk 14:10) και ο ιουδας ο ισκαριωτης εις των δωδεκα απηλθεν προς τους αρχιερεις ινα παραδω αυτον αυτοις | |||
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(Mt 26:14) τοτε πορευθεις εις των δωδεκα ο λεγομενος ιουδας ισκαριωτης προς τους αρχιερεις | |||
(Lk 22:4) ... συνελαλησεν τοις αρχιερευσιν και τοις στρατηγοις το πως αυτον παραδω αυτοις | |||
(Mk 14:11) οι δε ακουσαντες ...
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(Mk 14:11) ... εχαρησαν και επηγγειλαντο αυτω αργυριον δουναι ...
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(Mt 26:15) ειπεν τι θελετε μοι δουναι καγω υμιν παραδωσω αυτον οι δε εστησαν αυτω τριακοντα αργυρια | |||
(Lk 22:6) και εξωμολογησεν ...
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(Lk 22:6) ... εζητει ευκαιριαν του παραδουναι αυτον ...
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(Mt 26:17) τη δε πρωτη των αζυμων ...
| (Mk 14:12) και τη πρωτη ημερα των αζυμων ...
| (Lk 22:7) ηλθεν δε η ημερα των αζυμων ...
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(Mk 14:12) ... οτε το πασχα εθυον ...
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(Mt 26:17) ... προσηλθον οι μαθηται τω ιησου ...
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(Mt 26:17) ... λεγοντες αυτω ...
| (Mk 14:12) ... λεγουσιν αυτω ...
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(Mk 14:12) ... οι μαθηται αυτου ...
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(Mk 14:13) ... δυο των μαθητων αυτου ...
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(Lk 22:8) ... πετρον και ιωαννην ...
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(Lk 22:8) ... ειπων πορευθεντες ετοιμασατε ημιν το πασχα ινα φαγωμεν | |||
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(Mt 26:18) ... υπαγετε εις την πολιν ...
| (Mk 14:13) ... υπαγετε εις την πολιν ...
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(Mt 26:18) ... προς τον δεινα ...
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(Lk 22:10) ... ιδου εισελθοντων υμων εις την πολιν ...
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(Mk 14:13) ... απαντησει υμιν ανθρωπος κεραμιον υδατος βασταζων ακολουθησατε αυτω | (Lk 22:10) ... συναντησει υμιν ανθρωπος κεραμιον υδατος βασταζων ακολουθησατε αυτω ...
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(Mk 14:14) ... οπου εαν εισελθη ...
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(Mt 26:18)6 ... ειπατε αυτω ...
| (Mk 14:14)6 ... ειπατε τω οικοδεσποτη ...
| (Lk 22:11)6 ... ερειτε τω οικοδεσποτη ...
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(Mt 26:18) ... ο διδασκαλος λεγει ...
| (Mk 14:14) ... ο διδασκαλος λεγει ...
| (Lk 22:11) ... λεγει σοι ο διδασκαλος ...
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(Mt 26:18) ... ο καιρος μου εγγυς εστιν προς σε ποιω το πασχα μετα των μαθητων μου | |||
(Mk 14:14) ... που εστιν το καταλυμα οπου το πασχα μετα των μαθητων μου φαγω | (Lk 22:11) ... που εστιν το καταλυμα οπου το πασχα μετα των μαθητων μου φαγω | ||
(Mk 14:15) και αυτος υμιν δειξει ανωγεον μεγα εστρωμενον ...
| (Lk 22:12) κακεινος υμιν δειξει ανωγεον μεγα εστρωμενον ...
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(Mk 14:15) ... εκει ετοιμασατε ...
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(Mk 14:16) και εξηλθον οι μαθηται αυτου και ηλθον εις την πολιν και ...
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(Mk 14:16) ... ευρον καθως ειπεν αυτοις ...
| (Lk 22:13) ... ευρον καθως ειρηκεν αυτοις ...
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(Mt 26:19) και εποιησαν οι μαθηται ως συνεταξεν αυτοις ο ιησους ...
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(Mt 26:20) οψιας δε γενομενης ...
| (Mk 14:17) και οψιας γενομενης ...
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(Lk 22:14) και οτε εγενετο η ωρα ...
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(Mk 14:18) και ανακειμενων αυτων ...
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| (Mk 14:18) ... και εσθιοντων ...
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(Mk 14:18) ... αμην λεγω υμιν οτι εις εξ υμων παραδωσει με ...
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(Mk 14:19) οι δε ηρξαντο λυπεισθαι ...
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(Mt 26:22) ... λυπουμενοι σφοδρα ηρξαντο ...
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(Mt 26:22) ... λεγειν αυτω ...
| (Mk 14:19) ... λεγειν αυτω ...
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(Mt 26:22) ... εκαστος αυτων ...
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(Mk 14:19) ... εις καθ εις ...
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(Mt 26:23) ο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν ...
| (Mk 14:20) ο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν ...
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(Mk 14:20) ... αυτοις εις εκ των δωδεκα ...
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(Mt 26:23)7 ... ο εμβαψας μετ εμου εν τω τρυβλιω ...
| (Mk 14:20)7 ... ο εμβαπτομενος μετ εμου εις το τρυβλιον | ||
(Mt 26:24) ο μεν υιος του ανθρωπου υπαγει καθως γεγραπται περι αυτου ουαι δε τω ανθρωπω εκεινω δι ου ο υιος του ανθρωπου παραδιδοται καλον ην αυτω ει ουκ εγεννηθη ο ανθρωπος εκεινος | (Mk 14:21) ο μεν υιος του ανθρωπου υπαγει καθως γεγραπται περι αυτου ουαι δε τω ανθρωπω εκεινω δι ου ο υιος του ανθρωπου παραδιδοται καλον ην αυτω ει ουκ εγεννηθη ο ανθρωπος εκεινος | ||
(Mt 26:25) αποκριθεις δε ιουδας ο παραδιδους αυτον ειπεν μητι εγω ειμι ραββι λεγει αυτω συ ειπας | |||
(Mt 26:26) εσθιοντων δε αυτων λαβων ο ιησους τον αρτον και ευλογησας εκλασεν και εδιδου τοις μαθηταις και ειπεν λαβετε φαγετε τουτο εστιν το σωμα μου | (Mk 14:22) και εσθιοντων αυτων λαβων ο ιησους αρτον ευλογησας εκλασεν και εδωκεν αυτοις και ειπεν λαβετε φαγετε τουτο εστιν το σωμα μου | ||
(Mt 26:27) και λαβων το ποτηριον και ευχαριστησας εδωκεν αυτοις ...
| (Mk 14:23) και λαβων το ποτηριον ευχαριστησας εδωκεν αυτοις ...
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(Mt 26:28) τουτο γαρ εστιν το αιμα μου το της καινης διαθηκης το περι πολλων εκχυνομενον εις αφεσιν αμαρτιων | |||
(Mt 26:29)8 λεγω δε υμιν οτι ου μη πιω απ αρτι εκ τουτου του γεννηματος της αμπελου εως της ημερας εκεινης οταν αυτο πινω μεθ υμων καινον εν τη βασιλεια του πατρος μου | |||
(Mk 14:24) και ειπεν αυτοις τουτο εστιν το αιμα μου το της καινης διαθηκης το περι πολλων εκχυνομενον | |||
(Mk 14:25)8 αμην λεγω υμιν οτι ουκετι ου μη πιω εκ του γεννηματος της αμπελου εως της ημερας εκεινης οταν αυτο πινω καινον εν τη βασιλεια του θεου | |||
(Lk 22:15) και ειπεν προς αυτους επιθυμια επεθυμησα τουτο το πασχα φαγειν μεθ υμων προ του με παθειν | |||
(Lk 22:16)9 λεγω γαρ υμιν οτι ουκετι ου μη φαγω εξ αυτου εως οτου πληρωθη εν τη βασιλεια του θεου | |||
(Lk 22:17)10 και δεξαμενος ποτηριον ευχαριστησας ειπεν λαβετε τουτο και διαμερισατε εαυτοις | |||
(Lk 22:18) λεγω γαρ υμιν οτι ου μη πιω απο του γεννηματος της αμπελου εως οτου η βασιλεια του θεου ελθη | |||
(1Co 11:23) ... ο κυριος ιησους εν τη νυκτι η παρεδιδοτο ...
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(Lk 22:19)11 και λαβων αρτον ...
| (1Co 11:23)11 ... ελαβεν αρτον | ||
(Lk 22:19) ... ευχαριστησας εκλασεν και ...
| (1Co 11:24) και ευχαριστησας εκλασεν και ...
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(Lk 22:19) ... εδωκεν αυτοις ...
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(1Co 11:24) ... λαβετε φαγετε ...
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(Lk 22:19) ... τουτο εστιν το σωμα μου ...
| (1Co 11:24) ... τουτο μου εστιν το σωμα ...
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(Lk 22:19) ... το υπερ υμων διδομενον ...
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(1Co 11:24) ... το υπερ υμων κλωμενον ...
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(Lk 22:20)12 ωσαυτως και το ποτηριον μετα το δειπνησαι λεγων τουτο το ποτηριον η καινη διαθηκη ...
| (1Co 11:25)12 ωσαυτως και το ποτηριον μετα το δειπνησαι λεγων τουτο το ποτηριον η καινη διαθηκη ...
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(Lk 22:20) ... εν τω αιματι μου ...
| (1Co 11:25) ... εν τω εμω αιματι ...
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(1Co 11:25) ... τουτο ποιειτε οσακις αν πινητε εις την εμην αναμνησιν | |||
(Lk 22:21) πλην ιδου η χειρ του παραδιδοντος με μετ εμου επι της τραπεζης | |||
(Lk 22:22)13 και ο μεν υιος του ανθρωπου πορευεται κατα το ωρισμενον πλην ουαι τω ανθρωπω εκεινω δι ου παραδιδοται | |||
(Lk 22:23) και αυτοι ηρξαντο συζητειν προς εαυτους το τις αρα ειη εξ αυτων ο τουτο μελλων πρασσειν |
Notes:
(1) Considering Mt 26:2, Mk 14:1, and Lk 22:1, the following remarks could be made. The statement μετα δυο ημερας το πασχα γινεται (Mt 26:2), as it involves the verb γινομαι instead of ειμι, is understood to indicate that at the end of two days the Passover began. In other words, the day after Mt 26:2 was the day preceding the Passover. Moreover, ην δε το πασχα και τα αζυμα μετα δυο ημερας (Mk 14:1) is understood to state that the day after Mk 14:1 was the Passover. As for ηγγιζεν δε η εορτη των αζυμων η λεγομενη πασχα (Lk 22:1), since all the days of the week preceding the Feast of Unleavened Bread were near the feast and Lk 22:1 did not take place on the Passover day, Lk 22:1 is understood here to refer to the nearest day that was not the Passover day, that is, the day preceding the Passover. Thus, Mk 14:1 and Lk 22:1 took place on the same day, while Mt 26:2 was one day earlier. [Back]
(2) The similarity of Mt 26:5 and Mk 14:2 does not imply that the two verses took place on the same day, but rather points to the fact that the leaders did not change their plans from the time of Mt 26:5 to the time of Mk 14:2. [Back]
(3) The phrase τη γυναικι in Mt 26:10 corresponds to αυτη in Mk 14:6. A possible explanation of this difference between the two verses is that a strict translation of the words of the Lord would have used αυτη in Mt 26:10, just as in Mk 14:6. However, to indicate plainly that the Lord was referring to the woman and not to η απολεια αυτη of Mt 26:8, τη γυναικι was used instead of αυτη. There was no need to do the same in Mk 14:6 since αυτη in Mk 14:5 is closer to Mk 14:6 than η απολεια αυτη in Mk 14:4, and αυτη in Mk 14:5 is clearly referring to the woman. [Back]
(4) Though the differences between Mt 26:13 and Mk 14:9 are small, they are significant enough to imply that the two verses could represent two different statements of the Lord. It was assumed here that Mt 26:13 was spoken before Mk 14:9. However, this order is arbitrary; there seems to be no issue if the opposite order is assumed instead. As for differences, note that in Mt 26:13 we have εν ολω τω κοσμω "in all the world", while in Mk 14:9 εις ολον τον κοσμον "for all the world". In the context, the first would refer to any place where the gospel is preached, while the other to any place where the gospel is preached for all to hear. Thus, Mt 26:13 would fit not only places where the gospel may be preached freely, but also places where the preaching of the gospel is forbidden. However, Mk 14:9 would only fit places in which there is freedom to preach the gospel. While in Mk 14:9 the particle αν is used, indicating no exceptions, in Mt 26:13 the particle εαν is used, indicating possible exceptions. Indeed, persecuted believers might not have the entire Bible, and thus they might not hear about what Mary did. [Back]
(5) A comparison of Lk 22:3 and Jn 13:27 would justify placing Lk 22:3 after Mt 26:13 and Mk 14:9. In Jn 13:27, before Judas departed to deliver Jesus to his enemies, Satan entered Judas. So also in Lk 22:3, Satan must have entered Judas to empower him to go and betray Jesus. Thus, it would seem very likely that Lk 22:4 followed shortly after Lk 22:3, and Lk 22:3 followed after Mt 26:13 and Mk 14:9. [Back]
(6) The word αυτω in Mt 26:18 appears to be supplied in translation in the place of τω οικοδεσποτη in Mk 14:14 and Lk 22:11. This may be because the account in Matthew introduces the master of the house with the word δεινα. While αυτω would fit as a reference to δεινα, the word οικοδεσποτη would not fit. [Back]
(7) Comparing εμβαψας in Mt 26:23 with εμβαπτομενος in Mk 14:20, it would appear that the Lord used a participle in the original language. Since participles do not have tense in Hebrew and Aramaic, both translations are possible. The aorist tense used in Mt 26:23 emphasizes something that had already taken place, that Judas had already dipped his hand into the dish. The present tense of Mk 14:20 emphasizes the continuous aspect, that Judas kept dipping his hand into the dish. Accounting for the text of Mk 14:20, ο εμβαψας and ο εμβαπτομενος would correspond to הטבל in Hebrew and די טמש in Aramaic. (About dipping the hand into the dish, a related verse is Ru 2:14, in which the verb טמש "to immerse" has been used in Aramaic. Less related is 1Sa 14:27, in which טבל "to dip" has been used in Aramaic.) Related examples in the Bible involving the use of the participle in Aramaic are Ezr 7:25, Dan 2:29, Dan 4:37 (4:34). [Back]
(8) The word ουκετι in Mk 14:25 is understood as indicating that the Lord drank from the fruit of the vine before he spoke Mk 14:25, and that he no longer drank from it afterwards. The phrase ουκετι ου μη πιω in Mk 14:25 is understood to be equivalent to ου μη πιω απ αρτι in Mt 26:29. [Back]
(9) The word ουκετι of Lk 22:16 is interpreted as indicating that by the time of Lk 22:16 Jesus had been eating, but he no longer ate afterwards. So Jesus was done eating by the time of Lk 22:16. The others were not yet done eating (Lk 22:19). It was assumed here that Lk 22:16 happened after Mk 14:25, in which the Lord also used the word ουκετι to indicate that he would no longer drink from the fruit of the vine. Note that μετα το δειπνησαι in Lk 22:20 and 1Co 11:25 is understood as "after they had eaten, after supper", not "after he had eaten", for in the interpretation presented here the Lord was already done eating by Lk 22:16. [Back]
(10) The absence of the word ουκετι in Lk 22:18 is taken as an indication that Lk 22:17-18 happened after Mt 26:27-29 and Mk 14:23-25. The interpretation here is that since Jesus did not drink before Lk 22:17, though he drank before Mt 26:29 and Mk 14:23-25, the word ουκετι is not used in Lk 22:18. It should be noted also that 1Co 11:23 states explicitly that it took place during the night. Since the Lord and the disciples reclined at the table when it was late but not yet night (see the phrase οψιας γενομενης in Mt 26:20 and Mk 14:17), it is clear that Lk 22:19 and 1Co 11:23 did not take place at the beginning of the supper. [Back]
(11) As mentioned in the note (10), Lk 22:17-18 took place after Mt 26:29 and Mk 14:25. It follows that Lk 22:19 and 1Co 11:23 do not describe the same occasion as Mt 26:26 and Mk 14:22. [Back]
(12) μετα το δειπνησαι in Lk 22:20 and 1Co 11:25 is understood as "after they had eaten, after supper", not "after he had eaten", for in the interpretation presented here the Lord was already done eating by Lk 22:16. See the note (9). [Back]
(13) Comparing Lk 22:22 with Mt 26:24 and Mk 14:21, the similarity of these verses indicates that the Lord added emphasis to his words by speaking them more than once. [Back]