Sequence of the Greek Text of Mt 19:1b-30, Mk 10:1-31, and Lk 18:15-30
Version Date: July 23, 2020.
(Mt 19:1) ... και ηλθεν εις τα ορια της ιουδαιας ...
| (Mk 10:1) κακειθεν αναστας ερχεται εις τα ορια της ιουδαιας ...
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(Mk 10:1)1 ... δια του περαν του ιορδανου ...
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(Mt 19:2) και ηκολουθησαν αυτω οχλοι πολλοι ...
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(Mk 10:1)2 ... και συμπορευονται παλιν οχλοι προς αυτον και ως ειωθει παλιν εδιδασκεν αυτους | ||
(Mt 19:2)2 ... και εθεραπευσεν αυτους εκει | ||
(Mt 19:3) και προσηλθον αυτω οι φαρισαιοι πειραζοντες αυτον και λεγοντες αυτω ει εξεστιν ανθρωπω απολυσαι την γυναικα αυτου κατα πασαν αιτιαν | (Mk 10:2) και προσελθοντες οι φαρισαιοι επηρωτησαν αυτον ει εξεστιν ανδρι γυναικα απολυσαι πειραζοντες αυτον | |
(Mk 10:3) ο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις τι υμιν ενετειλατο μωσης | ||
(Mk 10:4) οι δε ειπον μωσης επετρεψεν βιβλιον αποστασιου γραψαι και απολυσαι | ||
(Mt 19:4) ο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις ...
| (Mk 10:5) και αποκριθεις ο ιησους ειπεν αυτοις ...
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(Mt 19:4)3 ... ουκ ανεγνωτε οτι ο ποιησας απ αρχης αρσεν και θηλυ εποιησεν αυτους | ||
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(Mk 10:5) ... προς την σκληροκαρδιαν υμων εγραψεν υμιν την εντολην ταυτην | ||
(Mk 10:6) απο δε αρχης κτισεως αρσεν και θηλυ εποιησεν αυτους ο θεος | ||
(Mt 19:5) ... ενεκεν τουτου καταλειψει ανθρωπος τον πατερα ...
| (Mk 10:7) ενεκεν τουτου καταλειψει ανθρωπος τον πατερα ...
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(Mt 19:5) ... και την μητερα και προσκολληθησεται τη γυναικι αυτου ...
| (Mk 10:7) ... και την μητερα και προσκολληθησεται προς την γυναικα αυτου | |
(Mk 10:8) και εσονται οι δυο εις σαρκα μιαν ...
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(Mt 19:6) ωστε ουκετι εισιν δυο αλλα σαρξ μια ...
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(Mt 19:7) λεγουσιν αυτω τι ουν μωσης ενετειλατο δουναι βιβλιον αποστασιου και απολυσαι αυτην | ||
(Mt 19:8) λεγει αυτοις οτι μωσης προς την σκληροκαρδιαν υμων επετρεψεν υμιν απολυσαι τας γυναικας υμων απ αρχης δε ου γεγονεν ουτως | ||
(Mt 19:9) λεγω δε υμιν οτι ος αν απολυση την γυναικα αυτου ει μη επι πορνεια και γαμηση αλλην μοιχαται και ο απολελυμενην γαμησας μοιχαται | ||
(Mt 19:10) λεγουσιν αυτω οι μαθηται αυτου ει ουτως εστιν η αιτια του ανθρωπου μετα της γυναικος ου συμφερει γαμησαι | ||
(Mt 19:11) ο δε ειπεν αυτοις ου παντες χωρουσιν τον λογον τουτον αλλ οις δεδοται | ||
(Mt 19:12) εισιν γαρ ευνουχοι οιτινες εκ κοιλιας μητρος εγεννηθησαν ουτως και εισιν ευνουχοι οιτινες ευνουχισθησαν υπο των ανθρωπων και εισιν ευνουχοι οιτινες ευνουχισαν εαυτους δια την βασιλειαν των ουρανων ο δυναμενος χωρειν χωρειτω | ||
(Mt 19:13)4 τοτε ...
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(Mt 19:13) ... προσηνεχθη αυτω ...
| (Lk 18:15)4 προσεφερον δε αυτω ...
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(Mt 19:13) ... παιδια ινα τας χειρας επιθη αυτοις και προσευξηται ...
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(Lk 18:15) ... και τα βρεφη ινα αυτων απτηται ...
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(Mk 10:10) και εν τη οικια παλιν οι μαθηται αυτου περι του αυτου επηρωτησαν αυτον | ||
(Mk 10:11) και λεγει αυτοις ος εαν απολυση την γυναικα αυτου και γαμηση αλλην μοιχαται επ αυτην | ||
(Mk 10:12) και εαν γυνη απολυση τον ανδρα αυτης και γαμηθη αλλω μοιχαται | ||
(Mk 10:13)4 και προσεφερον αυτω παιδια ινα αψηται αυτων οι δε μαθηται επετιμων τοις προσφερουσιν | ||
(Mk 10:14) ιδων δε ο ιησους ηγανακτησεν ...
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(Lk 18:16) ο δε ιησους προσκαλεσαμενος αυτα ...
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(Mt 19:14) ο δε ιησους ειπεν ...
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(Mt 19:14) ... αφετε τα παιδια ...
| (Mk 10:14) ... αφετε τα παιδια ...
| (Lk 18:16) ... αφετε τα παιδια ...
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(Mk 10:14)5 ... ερχεσθαι προς με ...
| (Lk 18:16)5 ... ερχεσθαι προς με ...
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(Mt 19:14) ... και μη κωλυετε αυτα ...
| (Mk 10:14) ... και μη κωλυετε αυτα ...
| (Lk 18:16) ... και μη κωλυετε αυτα ...
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(Mt 19:14)5 ... ελθειν προς με ...
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(Mt 19:14) ... των γαρ τοιουτων εστιν η βασιλεια των ουρανων | ||
(Mk 10:15) αμην λεγω υμιν ος εαν μη δεξηται την βασιλειαν του θεου ως παιδιον ου μη εισελθη εις αυτην | (Lk 18:17) αμην λεγω υμιν ος εαν μη δεξηται την βασιλειαν του θεου ως παιδιον ου μη εισελθη εις αυτην | |
(Mk 10:16) και εναγκαλισαμενος αυτα τιθεις τας χειρας επ αυτα ηυλογει αυτα | ||
(Mk 10:17) και εκπορευομενου αυτου εις οδον προσδραμων εις ...
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(Mk 10:17) ... και γονυπετησας αυτον ...
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(Mk 10:17) ... επηρωτα αυτον ...
| (Lk 18:18) και επηρωτησεν τις αυτον ...
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(Lk 18:18) ... αρχων λεγων ...
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(Mk 10:17) ... διδασκαλε αγαθε τι ...
| (Lk 18:18) ... διδασκαλε αγαθε τι ...
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(Mt 19:17) ο δε ειπεν αυτω τι με λεγεις αγαθον ουδεις αγαθος ει μη εις ο θεος ... | (Mk 10:18) ο δε ιησους ειπεν αυτω τι με λεγεις αγαθον ουδεις αγαθος ει μη εις ο θεος | (Lk 18:19) ειπεν δε αυτω ο ιησους τι με λεγεις αγαθον ουδεις αγαθος ει μη εις ο θεος |
(Mt 19:17) ... ει δε θελεις εισελθειν εις την ζωην τηρησον τας εντολας | ||
(Mk 10:19) τας εντολας οιδας μη μοιχευσης μη φονευσης μη κλεψης μη ψευδομαρτυρησης ...
| (Lk 18:20) τας εντολας οιδας μη μοιχευσης μη φονευσης μη κλεψης μη ψευδομαρτυρησης ...
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(Mk 10:19) ... μη αποστερησης ...
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(Lk 18:20) ... τιμα τον πατερα σου και την μητερα ...
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(Mk 10:20) ο δε αποκριθεις ...
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(Mt 19:18)6 ... ο δε ιησους ειπεν το ου φονευσεις ου μοιχευσεις ου κλεψεις ου ψευδομαρτυρησεις | ||
(Mt 19:19) τιμα τον πατερα σου και την μητερα και αγαπησεις τον πλησιον σου ως σεαυτον | ||
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(Lk 18:22) ακουσας δε ταυτα ο ιησους ...
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(Mk 10:21) ο δε ιησους εμβλεψας αυτω ηγαπησεν αυτον ...
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(Mk 10:21) ... και ειπεν αυτω ...
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(Mk 10:21) ... εν σοι υστερει ...
| (Lk 18:22) ... εν σοι λειπει ...
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(Mt 19:21) ... ει θελεις τελειος ειναι ...
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(Mt 19:21) ... υπαγε πωλησον σου τα υπαρχοντα και δος πτωχοις και εξεις θησαυρον εν ουρανω και δευρο ακολουθει μοι | (Mk 10:21) ... υπαγε οσα εχεις πωλησον και δος τοις πτωχοις και εξεις θησαυρον εν ουρανω και δευρο ακολουθει μοι ...
| (Lk 18:22) ... παντα οσα εχεις πωλησον και διαδος πτωχοις και εξεις θησαυρον εν ουρανω και δευρο ακολουθει μοι |
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(Mt 19:22) ... ο νεανισκος ...
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(Mk 10:22) ο δε στυγνασας επι τω λογω ...
| (Lk 18:23) ... περιλυπος εγενετο ...
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(Mt 19:22) ... απηλθεν λυπουμενος ...
| (Mk 10:22) ... απηλθεν λυπουμενος ...
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(Lk 18:24) ιδων δε αυτον ο ιησους περιλυπον γενομενον ...
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(Mt 19:23)7 ο δε ιησους ειπεν τοις μαθηταις αυτου αμην λεγω υμιν οτι δυσκολως πλουσιος εισελευσεται εις την βασιλειαν των ουρανων | ||
(Mk 10:23) και περιβλεψαμενος ο ιησους ...
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(Mk 10:23)7 ... λεγει τοις μαθηταις αυτου πως δυσκολως οι τα χρηματα εχοντες εις την βασιλειαν του θεου εισελευσονται | (Lk 18:24)7 ... ειπεν πως δυσκολως οι τα χρηματα εχοντες εισελευσονται εις την βασιλειαν του θεου | |
(Mk 10:24) οι δε μαθηται εθαμβουντο επι τοις λογοις αυτου ο δε ιησους παλιν αποκριθεις λεγει αυτοις τεκνα πως δυσκολον εστιν τους πεποιθοτας επι τοις χρημασιν εις την βασιλειαν του θεου εισελθειν | ||
(Mt 19:24) παλιν δε λεγω υμιν ...
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(Mt 19:24) ... ευκοπωτερον εστιν καμηλον δια τρυπηματος ραφιδος διελθειν η πλουσιον εις την βασιλειαν του θεου εισελθειν | (Mk 10:25) ευκοπωτερον εστιν καμηλον δια της τρυμαλιας της ραφιδος εισελθειν η πλουσιον εις την βασιλειαν του θεου εισελθειν | (Lk 18:25) ευκοπωτερον γαρ εστιν καμηλον δια τρυμαλιας ραφιδος εισελθειν η πλουσιον εις την βασιλειαν του θεου εισελθειν |
(Mt 19:25) ακουσαντες δε οι μαθηται αυτου εξεπλησσοντο σφοδρα ...
| (Mk 10:26) οι δε περισσως εξεπλησσοντο ...
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| (Lk 18:26) ειπον δε οι ακουσαντες ...
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(Mk 10:26) ... προς εαυτους ...
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(Mt 19:26) ... παρα ανθρωποις ...
| (Mk 10:27) ... παρα ανθρωποις ...
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(Mk 10:27) ... αλλ ου παρα τω θεω ...
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(Lk 18:27) ... τα αδυνατα παρα ανθρωποις δυνατα εστιν παρα τω θεω | ||
(Mt 19:27) τοτε αποκριθεις ο πετρος ειπεν αυτω ιδου ημεις αφηκαμεν παντα και ηκολουθησαμεν σοι ...
| (Mk 10:28) και ηρξατο ο πετρος λεγειν αυτω ιδου ημεις αφηκαμεν παντα και ηκολουθησαμεν σοι | (Lk 18:28) ειπεν δε ο πετρος ιδου ημεις αφηκαμεν παντα και ηκολουθησαμεν σοι |
(Mt 19:28)8 ο δε ιησους ειπεν αυτοις αμην λεγω υμιν οτι υμεις οι ακολουθησαντες μοι εν τη παλιγγενεσια οταν καθιση ο υιος του ανθρωπου επι θρονου δοξης αυτου καθισεσθε και υμεις επι δωδεκα θρονους κρινοντες τας δωδεκα φυλας του ισραηλ | (Mk 10:29) αποκριθεις δε ο ιησους ...
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(Mt 19:29) και πας ος αφηκεν οικιας η αδελφους η αδελφας η πατερα η μητερα η γυναικα η τεκνα η αγρους ενεκεν του ονοματος μου εκατονταπλασιονα ληψεται και ζωην αιωνιον κληρονομησει | ||
(Mk 10:29)8 ... ειπεν αμην λεγω υμιν ουδεις εστιν ος αφηκεν οικιαν η αδελφους η αδελφας η πατερα η μητερα η γυναικα η τεκνα η αγρους ενεκεν εμου και του ευαγγελιου | ||
(Mk 10:30) εαν μη λαβη εκατονταπλασιονα νυν εν τω καιρω τουτω οικιας και αδελφους και αδελφας και μητερας και τεκνα και αγρους μετα διωγμων και εν τω αιωνι τω ερχομενω ζωην αιωνιον | ||
(Lk 18:29)8 ο δε ειπεν αυτοις αμην λεγω υμιν οτι ουδεις εστιν ος αφηκεν οικιαν η γονεις η αδελφους η γυναικα η τεκνα ενεκεν της βασιλειας του θεου | ||
(Lk 18:30) ος ου μη απολαβη πολλαπλασιονα εν τω καιρω τουτω και εν τω αιωνι τω ερχομενω ζωην αιωνιον | ||
(Mt 19:30) πολλοι δε εσονται πρωτοι εσχατοι και εσχατοι πρωτοι | (Mk 10:31) πολλοι δε εσονται πρωτοι εσχατοι και οι εσχατοι πρωτοι |
Notes:
(1) The phrase δια του περαν του ιορδανου in Mk 10:1 indicates that the Lord reached Judea beyond the Jordan by going through the region across the Jordan River. [Back]
(2) Comparing Mk 10:1b and Mt 19:2b, it would seem reasonable to assume that Mt 19:2b happened later, given that in other passages healings are mentioned after the preaching of the Word. A couple of examples are Lk 9:11 and Ac 14:9-10; we could note also that Mt 13:58, which mentions miracles, follows Mt 13:54, which mentions Jesus preaching in the synagogue. [Back]
(3) There are two factors indicating that Mt 19:4 does not correspond to Mk 10:6. First, there are some differences between the two verses. Second, the clause και ειπεν at the beginning of Mt 19:5 separates Mt 19:4 from Mt 19:5, indicating some time between these two verses. Understanding that Mt 19:5 corresponds to Mk 10:7, it follows that Mt 19:4 happened before Mk 10:6. [Back]
(4) In view of the word τοτε in Mt 19:13, it can be inferred that Mt 19:10-12 took place shortly before Mt 19:13. In view of Mk 10:13, it can be seen that those who brought the children persevered until Jesus responded. Lk 18:15 was associated with Mt 19:13 and not with Mk 10:13 because of the word ιδοντες, which could imply that Lk 18:15 describes the occasion in which the disciples became aware that people were bringing children to Jesus. [Back]
(5) Comparing Mt 19:14 on one side and Mk 10:14 and Lk 18:16 on the other side, it was assumed here that in the original language the Lord used some words corresponding to ερχεσθαι προς με (which appears in Mark and Luke) and some other words corresponding to ελθειν προς με (which appears in Matthew). The reason that none of Mt 19:14, Mk 10:14, and Lk 18:16 include both ερχεσθαι προς με and ελθειν προς με could be the Greek style, which does not seem to use as much repetition as Hebrew. [Back]
(6) The event sequence of Mt 19:16-22, Mk 10:17-22, and Lk 18:18-23 can be interpreted as follows. The man was apparently thinking that he can save himself by doing what was right. The answer he received, however, pointed to the fact that he was in need of God's mercy. Later, the Lord stated plainly that salvation is impossible with man (Mt 19:26, Mk 10:27, Lk 18:27). The initial answer of the Lord indicated that the man had to keep the commandments (Mt 19:17). The natural man does not understand well God's word and is unwilling to keep it the way God meant it. The man was not told how he could get to the point at which he could keep the commandments, but was reminded instead of a number of commandments (Mk 10:19, Lk 18:20). The answer that the man received was probably meant to convict him of sin. This is also how the man took it, for by asking "which" (Mt 19:18), he probably expected to hear some obscure commandments that he had failed to observe. Having a superficial understanding of the commandments, he was apparently unaware that he was not keeping them right. The answer of the Lord in Mt 19:18-19 emphasized that the commandments he had already mentioned in Mk 10:19 and Lk 18:20 were part of the problem. (Thus, Mt 19:18-19 does not correspond to Mk 10:19 and Lk 18:20; rather, the Lord reinforced in Mt 19:18-19 what he had said in Mk 10:19 and Lk 18:20.) Considering τι ετι υστερω "what do I still lack" in Mt 19:20, since the man thought that he was keeping those commandments, the word ετι "still" indicates that he was asking what else was needed in addition to what he was already keeping. The Lord also used the word ετι in his reply (Lk 18:22), not to indicate what remained to be done, but something else that was left undone. (Indeed, note that the Lord used ετι "still" instead of μονον "only".) In addition to keeping the commandments, the man had to follow Jesus. Possessions were an obstacle keeping him from following Jesus. Though the man had to keep the commandments in order to enter life (Mt 19:17), he had first to become a follower of Jesus. Those who turn to Jesus are changed inwardly to understand and love God's word and to desire to keep it. Thus, the man was told that he would be perfected by becoming a follower (Mt 19:21), not by making every effort to keep the commandments. Now the man was not ready to seek God's mercy and help to become a disciple, so he departed. Nonetheless, the words of the Lord convicted him of sin. It may be that he repented later. [Back]
(7) There are several reasons Mt 19:23 does not seem to correspond to Mk 10:23 and Lk 18:24. Mt 19:23 has πλουσιος, while Mk 10:23 and Lk 18:24 have οι τα χρηματα εχοντες. Moreover, the fact that Mt 19:23 has την βασιλειαν των ουρανων while Mk 10:23 and Lk 18:24 have την βασιλειαν του θεου is significant because την βασιλειαν του θεου appears also in Mt 19:24. [Back]
(8) Comparing Mt 19:29, Mk 10:29-30, and Lk 18:29-30, the first mentions ενεκεν του ονοματος μου "for the sake of my name", that is, that the name of the Lord may be glorified, the second ενεκεν εμου και του ευαγγελιου "for my sake and of the good news", emphasizing the preaching of the good news, and the third ενεκεν της βασιλειας του θεου "for the sake of the kingdom of God", emphasizing that one does it so that he may follow Christ. Essentially the same promise is stated for three kinds of disciples. [Back]